a frame of mind

affectĭo ( adf-), ōnis, f. [adficio].

The relation to or disposition toward a thing produced in a person by some influence (in this and the two foll. signif. almost peculiar to the philos. lang. of Cic.): comparantur ea, quae aut majora aut minora aut paria dicuntur;

in quibus spectantur haec: numerus, species, vis, quaedam etiam ad res aliquas adfectio,

relation, Cic. Top. 18, 68, and § 70; cf. id. ib. 2, 7.—

A.. A change in the state or condition of body or mind, a state or frame of mind, feeling (only transient, while habitus is lasting):

adfectio est animi aut corporis ex tempore aliqua de causa commutatio ut, laetitia, cupiditas, metus, molestia, morbus, debilitas, et alia, quae in eodem genere reperiuntur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 25, 36; 1, 2, 5; cf. 1, 2, 5, § 19. In Gellius = adfectus, as transl. of the Gr. pathos, Gell. 19, 12, 3.—

A permanent state of mind, a frame of mind, a state of feeling, Gr. diathesis:

virtus est adfectio animi constans conveniensque,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 34 Kühn (cf. in Gr. diathesis psuchês sumphônês hautêi, Stob. Ecl. Eth. 2, p. 104); id. Fin. 3, 26, 65 Goer.:

non mihi est vita mea utilior quam animi talis adfectio, neminem ut violem commodi mei gratiā,

id. Off. 2, 6, 29 Beier.—Also of body, as anal. to the mind, a fixed, permanent constitution: tu qui detinieris summum bonum firma corporis adfectione contineri, etc., Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 27.—And metaph. of the stars, their position in respect to one another:

astrorum,

a constellation, Cic. Fat. 4:

ex qua adfectione caeli primum spiritum duxerit,

id. Div. 2, 47 (cf. affectus, a, um, B.).—

Esp., a favorable disposition toward any one, love, affection, good-will (post-Aug. prose):

simiarum generi praecipua erga fetum adfectio,

Plin. 8, 54, 80:

egit Nero grates patribus laetas inter audientium adfectiones,

Tac. A. 4, 15:

argentum magis quam aurum sequuntur, nullā adfectione animi, sed quia, etc.,

id. G. 5; Just. 24, 3:

Artemisia Mausolum virum amāsse fertur ultra adfectionis humanae fidem,

Gell. 10, 18, 1.—Concr., the loved object: adfectiones, children, Cod. Th. 13, 9, 3.—

In the Lat. of the Pandects, ability of willing, will, volition, inclination (cf. 2. affectus, II. D.):

furiosus et pupillus non possunt incipere possidere, quia adfectionem tenendi non habent,

Dig. 5, 16, 60.

affectĭo ( adf-), ōnis, f. [adficio].

The relation to or disposition toward a thing produced in a person by some influence (in this and the two foll. signif. almost peculiar to the philos. lang. of Cic.): comparantur ea, quae aut majora aut minora aut paria dicuntur;

in quibus spectantur haec: numerus, species, vis, quaedam etiam ad res aliquas adfectio,

relation, Cic. Top. 18, 68, and § 70; cf. id. ib. 2, 7.—

A.. A change in the state or condition of body or mind, a state or frame of mind, feeling (only transient, while habitus is lasting):

adfectio est animi aut corporis ex tempore aliqua de causa commutatio ut, laetitia, cupiditas, metus, molestia, morbus, debilitas, et alia, quae in eodem genere reperiuntur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 25, 36; 1, 2, 5; cf. 1, 2, 5, § 19. In Gellius = adfectus, as transl. of the Gr. pathos, Gell. 19, 12, 3.—

A permanent state of mind, a frame of mind, a state of feeling, Gr. diathesis:

virtus est adfectio animi constans conveniensque,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 15, 34 Kühn (cf. in Gr. diathesis psuchês sumphônês hautêi, Stob. Ecl. Eth. 2, p. 104); id. Fin. 3, 26, 65 Goer.:

non mihi est vita mea utilior quam animi talis adfectio, neminem ut violem commodi mei gratiā,

id. Off. 2, 6, 29 Beier.—Also of body, as anal. to the mind, a fixed, permanent constitution: tu qui detinieris summum bonum firma corporis adfectione contineri, etc., Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 27.—And metaph. of the stars, their position in respect to one another:

astrorum,

a constellation, Cic. Fat. 4:

ex qua adfectione caeli primum spiritum duxerit,

id. Div. 2, 47 (cf. affectus, a, um, B.).—

Esp., a favorable disposition toward any one, love, affection, good-will (post-Aug. prose):

simiarum generi praecipua erga fetum adfectio,

Plin. 8, 54, 80:

egit Nero grates patribus laetas inter audientium adfectiones,

Tac. A. 4, 15:

argentum magis quam aurum sequuntur, nullā adfectione animi, sed quia, etc.,

id. G. 5; Just. 24, 3:

Artemisia Mausolum virum amāsse fertur ultra adfectionis humanae fidem,

Gell. 10, 18, 1.—Concr., the loved object: adfectiones, children, Cod. Th. 13, 9, 3.—

In the Lat. of the Pandects, ability of willing, will, volition, inclination (cf. 2. affectus, II. D.):

furiosus et pupillus non possunt incipere possidere, quia adfectionem tenendi non habent,

Dig. 5, 16, 60.

* * *

ănĭmo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [anima and animus].

To fill with breath or air (cf. anima, I. and II.):

duas tibias uno spiritu,

to blow upon, App. Flor. 3, p. 341, 25:

bucinas,

Arn. 6, p. 196.—More freq.,

To quicken, animate (cf. anima, II. C.): quicquid est hoc, omnia animat, format, alit, auget, creat, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 57; Lucr. 2, 717:

vitaliter esse animata,

id. 5, 145:

formare, figurare, colorare, animare,

Cic. N. D. 1, 39, 110. stellae divinis animatae mentibus, id. Rep. 6, 15; Plin. 7, 15, 13, § 66. —

To endow with, to give, a particular temperament or disposition of mind (cf. animus, II. B. 1. b.):

utcumque temperatus sit aër, ita pueros orientes animari atque formari, ex eoque ingenia, mores, animum fingi,

Cic. Div. 2, 42, 89: Mattiaci ipso terrae suae solo ac caelo acrius animantur, i. e. ferociores redduntur, are rendered more spirited, * Tac. G. 29.—

In Ovid in a pregnant signif.: aliquid in aliquid animare, to transform a lifeless object to a living being, to change into by giving life (cf. anima, II. C. 3.):

guttas animavit in angues,

Ov. M. 4, 619:

in Nymphas animatā classe marinas,

id. ib. 14, 566.—

Trop., of colors, to enliven:

si quid Apellei gaudent animāsse colores,

Stat. S. 2, 2, 64.—Of torches, to light or kindle:

animare ad crimina taxos,

Claud. Rapt. 3, 386.—Sometimes = recreare, to refresh, revive:

cibo potuque animavit,

Hyg. Fab. 126:

florem,

Plin. 11, 23, 27, § 77; so Pall. 4, 10; or in gen., to encourage, help:

ope animari, Cod. Th. 6, 4, 21, § 3: copiis,

ib. 14, 4, 10, § 5.—And with inf. = incitare, to move, incite to:

Ut hortatu vestro Eustathius, quae de scommate paulo ante dixerit, animetur aperire,

Macr. S. 7, 3.—Hence, ănĭmātus, a, um, P. a.

Animated (cf. anima, II. C.): virum virtute verā vivere animatum addecet, Enn. ap. Gell. 7, 17.—

(Acc. to C.) Brought or put into a particular frame of mind, disposed, inclined, minded, in some way (freq. and class.):

hoc animo decet animatos esse amatores probos,

Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 20: avi et atavi nostri, quom allium ac caepe eorum verba olerent, tamen optime animati erant, Varr. ap. Non. p. 201, 7 (where the play upon olere and animati is to be noticed):

animatus melius quam paratus,

better disposed than prepared, Cic. Fam. 6, 6:

socii infirme animati,

id. ib. 15, 1:

sic animati esse debetis, ut si ille adesset,

id. Phil. 9, 5:

ut quem ad modum in se quisque, sic in amicum sit animatus,

id. Am. 16, 57:

insulas non nullas bene animatas confirmavit,

well affected, Nep. Cim. 2, 4; Liv. 29, 17:

male animatus erga principem exercitus,

Suet. Vit. 7:

circa aliquem,

Just. 14, 1:

hostili animo adversus rem publicam animatus,

Dig. 48, 4, 1: animatus in necem alicujus, Macr S. 1, 11.—In Plaut. with inf.: si quid animatus es facere, Truc. 5, 74.—

Endowed with courage, courageous, stouthearted (cf. animus, II. 2. a. and animosus;

only in ante-class. poetry): milites armati atque animati probe,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 18: cum animatus iero, satis armatus sum, Att. ap. Non. p. 233, 18:

hostis animatus,

id. ib. p. 233, 18.—

* Sup. Auct. Itin. Alex. 13.— Adv. not used.—

Neutr., to be animate, living (cf. anima, II. C.); so only ănĭ-mans, antis (abl. com. animante, but animanti in Cic. Tim. 6; gen. plur. animantium in Cic., animantum in Lucr., Manil. 4, 374, and App. Mag. 64, p. 536),

P. a., animate, living:

quos (deos) Vitellius ne animantes quidem esse concedat,

Cic. N. D. 3, 4, 11:

mundum ipsum animantem sapientemque esse,

id. ib. 1, 10, 23:

animans composque rationis mundus est,

id. ib. 2, 8, 22. —Hence,

Subst., any living, animate being; an animal (orig. in a wider sense than animal, since it included men, animals, and plants; but usu., like that word, for animals in opp. to men. The gender varies in the best class. writers between masc., fem., and neutr. When it designates man, it is masc.; brutes, com. fem.; in its widest sense, it is neutr.):

sunt quaedam, quae animam habent, nec sunt animalia, etc.,

Sen. Ep. 58, 10 sq.; Lucr. 2, 669; 2, 943:

genus omne animantum,

id. 1, 4; so id. 1, 194; 1, 350; 1, 1033; 1, 1038; 2, 78; 2, 880; 2, 921; 2, 943; 2, 1063; 2, 1071; 3, 266; 3, 417; 3, 720; 5, 431; 5, 855;

5, 917: animantium genera quattuor,

Cic. Tim. 10; 11 fin.:

animantium aliae coriis tectae sunt, aliae villis vestitae, etc.,

id. N. D. 2, 47, 121:

cum ceteras animantes abjecisset ad pastum, solum hominem erexit,

id. Leg. 1, 9, 26:

animantia, quae sunt nobis nota,

id. Tim. 4.—Of animals, living beings, as opp. to plants:

Jam vero vites sic claviculis adminicula tamquam manibus adprehendunt atque ita se erigunt, ut animantes,

Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 120.— Of man: hic stilus haud petet ultro Quemquam animantem, * Hor. S. 2, 1, 40.— Comp., sup., and adv. not used.

sensus, a, um, Part. of sentio.

sensus, ūs, m. [sentio], the faculty or power of perceiving, perception, feeling, sensation, sense, etc.

Corporeal, perception, feeling, sensation:

omne animal sensus habet: sentit igitur et calida et frigida et dulcia et amara, nec potest ullo sensu jucunda accipere et non accipere contraria: si igitur voluptatis sensum capit, doloris etiam capit. etc.,

Cic. N. D. 3, 13, 32:

moriendi sensum celeritas abstulit,

id. Lael. 3, 12:

si quis est sensus in morte,

id. Phil. 9, 6, 13:

(Niobe) posuit sensum saxea facta mali,

Ov. P. 1, 2, 32:

sensum voluptatemque percipere,

Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 12. [p. 1671] —

A sense, capacity for feeling:

ut idem interitus sit animorum et corporum nec ullus sensus maneat, etc.,

Cic. Lael. 4, 14:

tactus corporis est sensus,

Lucr. 2, 435:

oculorum,

id. 3, 361; so,

oculorum, aurium,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 38, 111; id. Fin. 2, 16, 52; id. Div. 2, 52, 107; cf.

videndi,

id. de Or. 2, 87, 357:

audiendi,

id. Rep. 6, 18, 19:

quod neque oculis neque auribus neque ullo sensu percipi potest,

id. Or. 2, 8:

quamquam oriretur (tertia philosophiae pars) a sensibus, tamen non esse judicium veritatis in sensibus,

id. Ac. 1, 8, 30:

res subjectae sensibus,

id. ib. 1, 8, 31:

gustatus, qui est sensus ex omnibus maxime voluptarius,

id. de Or. 3, 25, 99:

sensus autem interpretes ac nuntii rerum in capite et facti et conlocati sunt,

id. N. D. 2, 56, 140:

omne animal sensus habet,

id. ib. 3, 13, 32:

carent conchae visu, omnique sensu alio quam cibi et periculi,

Plin. 9, 30, 48, § 90:

ab eā parte opus orsus, ut a sensu ejus, averteret,

Curt. 4, 6, 9.—

Mental, feeling, sentiment, emotion, affection; sense, understanding, capacity; humor, inclination, disposition, frame of mind, etc.:

ipse in commovendis judicibus eis ipsis sensibus, ad quos illos adducere vellem, permoverer,

Cic. de Or. 2, 45, 189:

an vos quoque hic innocentium cruciatus pari sensu doloris adficit?

id. Verr. 2, 5, 46, § 123:

vestri sensus ignarus,

id. Mil. 27, 72:

humanitatis,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 18, § 47; id. Rosc. Am. 53, 154:

applicatio animi cum quodam sensu amandi... ut facile earum (bestiarum) sensus appareat... sensus amoris exsistit, etc.,

id. Lael. 8, 27; cf.:

ipsi intellegamus naturā gigni sensum diligendi,

id. ib. 9, 32:

meus me sensus, quanta vis fraterni sit amoris, admonet,

id. Fam. 5, 2, 10:

utere argumento ipse sensus tui,

id. Rep. 1, 38, 59:

nihil est tam molle, tam aut fragile aut flexibile quam voluntas erga nos sensusque civium,

id. Mil. 16, 42:

quae mihi indigna et intolerabilia videntur, ea pro me ipso et animi mei sensu ac dolore pronuntio,

id. Rosc. Am. 44, 129.—

Opinion, thought, sense, view:

animi,

Cic. de Or. 2, 35, 148:

valde mihi placebat sensus ejus de re publicā,

id. Att. 15, 7:

(orator) ita peragrat per animos hominum, ita sensus mentesque pertractat, ut, etc.,

id. de Or. 1, 51, 222 sq.:

qui est iste tuus sensus, quae cogitatio? Brutos ut non probes, Antonios probes?

id. Phil. 10, 2, 4:

dissidenti sensus suos aperire,

Nep. Dion, 8, 2:

sensus reconditi,

Plin. Ep. 2, 3, 2.—

Esp., the common feelings of humanity, the moral sense, taste, discretion, tact in intercourse with men, often called in full sensus communis (sometimes with hominum), and often in other phrases of similar force:

ut in ceteris (artium studiis) id maxime excellat, quod longissime sit ab imperitorum intellegentiā sensuque disjunctum, in dicendo autem vitium vel maximum sit a volgari genere orationis atque a consuetudine communis sensus abhorrere,

Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 12:

quae versantur in sensu hominum communi,

id. ib. 2, 16, 68; id. Planc. 13, 31:

communis ille sensus in aliis fortasse latuit,

id. ib. 14, 34; Hor. S. 1, 3, 66:

sit in beneficio sensus communis,

Sen. Ben. 1, 12, 3; id. Ep. 5, 4; 105, 3; Quint. 1, 2, 20:

rarus sensus communis in illā fortunā,

Juv. 8, 73. — Plur., Cic. Clu. 6, 17:

ea sunt in communibus infixa sensibus,

id. de Or. 3, 50, 195; so,

vulgaris popularisque sensus,

id. ib. 1, 23, 108:

haec oratio longe a nostris sensibus abhorrebat,

id. ib. 1, 18, 83; cf.:

mirari solebam istum in his ipsis rebus aliquem sensum habere, quem scirem nullā in re quicquam simile hominis habere,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 14, § 33.—

Transf. (in the poets, and also in prose after the Aug. per.), of the thinking faculty, sense, understanding, mind, reason (syn.: mens, ratio).

In gen. (rare):

misero quod omnes Eripit sensus mihi,

Cat. 51, 6; cf.:

tibi sensibus ereptis mens excidit,

id. 66, 25; Ov. M. 3, 631; 14, 178:

(quibus fortuna) sensum communem abstulit,

common sense, Phaedr. 1, 7, 4 (in another signif., v. supra, II. A. fin., and infra, 2. fin.):

eam personam, quae furore detenta est, quia sensum non habet, etc.,

Dig. 24, 3, 22, § 7:

nec potest animal injuriam fecisse, quod sensu caret,

ib. 9, 1, 1, § 3.—

In partic., of discourse.

Abstr., sense, idea, notion, meaning, signification (syn.: sententia, notio, significatio, vis; poet. and post-Aug.; freq. in Quint.): nec testamenti potuit sensus colligi, Phaedr. 4, 5, 19:

verba, quibus voces sensusque notarent,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 103:

is verbi sensus,

Ov. F. 5, 484:

quae verbis aperta occultos sensus habent,

Quint. 8, 2, 20:

ambiguitas, quae turbare potest sensum,

id. 8, 2, 16:

verba duos sensus significantia,

id. 6, 3, 48: allêgoria aliud verbis, aliud sensu ostendit, id. 8, 6, 44:

Pomponium sensibus celebrem, verbis rudem,

Vell. 2, 9, 5:

horum versuum sensus atque ordo sic, opinor, est,

Gell. 7, 2, 10:

egregie dicta circa eumdem sensum tria,

Sen. Ep. 7, 10.—Introducing a quotation:

erat autem litterarum sensus hujusmodi,

Amm. 20, 8, 4.—With gen. person:

salvo modo poëtae sensu,

the meaning, Quint. 1, 9, 2.—

Concr., a thought expressed in words, a sentence, period (postAug.):

sensus omnis habet suum finem, poscitque naturale intervallum, quo a sequentis initio dividatur,

Quint. 9, 4, 61; 7, 10, 16; cf. id. 11, 2, 20:

puer ut sciat, ubi claudatur sensus,

id. 1, 8, 1:

ridendi, qui velut leges prooemiis omnibus dederunt, ut intra quattuor sensus terminarentur,

id. 4, 1, 62:

verbo sensum cludere multo optimum est,

id. 9, 4, 26 et saep.—Hence, communes sensus (corresp. with loci), commonplaces, Tac. Or. 31.

aerumna, ae (pleb. er-), f. [contr. from aegrimonia; as to the suppressed g, cf. jumentum from jugum, Doed. Syn. IV. p. 420. Others explain aerumna (with Paul. ex Fest. s. v. aerumnula, p. 24 Müll.) orig. for a frame for carrying burdens upon the back; hence trop.], need, want, trouble, toil, hardship, distress, tribulation, calamity, etc. (objectively; while aegrimonia, like aegritudo, denotes, subjectively, the condition of mind, Doed. 1. c.; for the most part only ante-class., except in Cic., who uses it several times, in order to designate by one word the many modifications and shadings of the condition of mental suffering; in Quintilian's time the word was obsolete, v. Quint. 8, 3, 26): tibi sunt ante ferendae aerumnae, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 47 Vahl.); cf.: Ilia dia nepos, quas erumnas tetulisti, id. ap. Charis. p. 70 P. (Ann. v. 56 ib.): quantis cum aerumnis exantlavi diem, id. ap. Non. 292, 8 (Trag. v. 127 ib.):

uno ut labore absolvat aerumnas duas (of the pains of parturition),

Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 26:

animus aequos optimum est aerumnae condimentum,

id. Rud. 2, 3, 71; id. Ep. 2, 1, 10;

so,

id. Capt. 5, 4, 12; id. Curc. 1, 2, 54; id. Pers. 1, 1, 1: lapit cor cura, aerumna corpus conficit, Pac. ap. Non. 23, 8; Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 8; Lucr. 3, 50:

aerumna gravescit,

id. 4, 1065:

quo pacto adversam aerumnam ferant,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 12:

maeror est aegritudo flebilis: aerumna aegritudo laboriosa: dolor aegritudo crucians,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 18:

Herculis aerumnas perpeti: sic enim majores nostri labores non fugiendos tristissimo tamen verbo aerumnas etiam in Deo nominaverunt,

id. Fin. 2, 35; cf. id. ib. 5, 32, 95:

mors est aerumnarum requies,

Sall. C. 51, 20; so id. J. 13, 22: Luculli miles collecta viatica multis Aerumnis, ad assem Perdiderat, with much difficulty, * Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 26:

multiplicabo aerumnas tuas,

Vulg. Gen. 3, 16:

in labore et aerumnā (fui),

ib. 2 Cor. 11, 27.—

In later Lat. for defeat (of an army), Amm. 15, 4; cf. id. 15, 8 al.

Petric. Vit. D. Mart. 1, 66. Hence, Enn. ap. Charis. p. 76 P. derives it from eruere (quod mentem eruat). Cf. Doed. Syn. IV. p. 420.

aerumna, ae (pleb. er-), f. [contr. from aegrimonia; as to the suppressed g, cf. jumentum from jugum, Doed. Syn. IV. p. 420. Others explain aerumna (with Paul. ex Fest. s. v. aerumnula, p. 24 Müll.) orig. for a frame for carrying burdens upon the back; hence trop.], need, want, trouble, toil, hardship, distress, tribulation, calamity, etc. (objectively; while aegrimonia, like aegritudo, denotes, subjectively, the condition of mind, Doed. 1. c.; for the most part only ante-class., except in Cic., who uses it several times, in order to designate by one word the many modifications and shadings of the condition of mental suffering; in Quintilian's time the word was obsolete, v. Quint. 8, 3, 26): tibi sunt ante ferendae aerumnae, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 47 Vahl.); cf.: Ilia dia nepos, quas erumnas tetulisti, id. ap. Charis. p. 70 P. (Ann. v. 56 ib.): quantis cum aerumnis exantlavi diem, id. ap. Non. 292, 8 (Trag. v. 127 ib.):

uno ut labore absolvat aerumnas duas (of the pains of parturition),

Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 26:

animus aequos optimum est aerumnae condimentum,

id. Rud. 2, 3, 71; id. Ep. 2, 1, 10;

so,

id. Capt. 5, 4, 12; id. Curc. 1, 2, 54; id. Pers. 1, 1, 1: lapit cor cura, aerumna corpus conficit, Pac. ap. Non. 23, 8; Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 8; Lucr. 3, 50:

aerumna gravescit,

id. 4, 1065:

quo pacto adversam aerumnam ferant,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 12:

maeror est aegritudo flebilis: aerumna aegritudo laboriosa: dolor aegritudo crucians,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 18:

Herculis aerumnas perpeti: sic enim majores nostri labores non fugiendos tristissimo tamen verbo aerumnas etiam in Deo nominaverunt,

id. Fin. 2, 35; cf. id. ib. 5, 32, 95:

mors est aerumnarum requies,

Sall. C. 51, 20; so id. J. 13, 22: Luculli miles collecta viatica multis Aerumnis, ad assem Perdiderat, with much difficulty, * Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 26:

multiplicabo aerumnas tuas,

Vulg. Gen. 3, 16:

in labore et aerumnā (fui),

ib. 2 Cor. 11, 27.—

In later Lat. for defeat (of an army), Amm. 15, 4; cf. id. 15, 8 al.

Petric. Vit. D. Mart. 1, 66. Hence, Enn. ap. Charis. p. 76 P. derives it from eruere (quod mentem eruat). Cf. Doed. Syn. IV. p. 420.